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Management Skills .. - نشاة الكوManagement Skills .. - The emergence of the universe Video Monday, October 5th, 2009 16 Shawwal 1430 Main Menu Supervisor Between history and reality History Civilization Let us know Roaiena Special files Happened on this day Certificates of equitable Great converted to Islam, New News Satellite TV Happened on this day Consulting Site Comics Our nation in Photos News Archive Archive Consultancy Related Links Why Muslims excelled in the science of geography? By Dr.. Ragheb Sergani Geography Istakhri Al-Biruni (362 to 440 e / 963 to 1048 m) The death of Jamal Hamdan Islamic curricula for the study of geography by Dr.. Ragheb Sergani [Of Muslim achievements in geography by Dr.. Ragheb Sergani] Series: News The following article [Islamic curricula for the study of geography by Dr.. Ragheb Sergani] Muslims and prove spherical Earth by Dr.. Ragheb Sergani Date Added :14-1-2009 Although the "spherical Earth" is far from obvious scientific facts that are not suspicious of one of the people of all ages and cultures .. Small teach until he became substantiated in the early stages of their education .. However, this fact and experience the ancient times, extremely difficult to settle in the minds of human beings scientifically .. The takes you wonder when you know that major religious bodies ruled the European mind for centuries narrowed this scientific truth narrowly carried those who believe in the atonement by the scientists .. And perhaps reached the extent of torture or death in its ugliest methods!! .. Islam came to the magnitude of the invitation to consider the expansion of the universe, and the liberation of the mind of the illusions and myths, and the release of scientific research based on experimentation and demonstration, and then access the facts after a substantive discussion of a free and quiet; revives the almost expunged from all the facts of science (and one ground ball). .. Here are the details .. The Greeks believed that the earth is flat circular disk surrounded by ocean on all sides, here it is: "Hectatios" (500 BC. M.), Which is considered the father of geography Greco painted maps on CD-round .. Despite the fact that "Plato" (the year 348 BC. M.) Came first theory of spherical earth but he had not received sufficient support those who came after him .. Indeed, the Romanian State has rejected the idea, and wrote "Cosmas" (COSMAS) "Abu Romanian geography" (In the year 547 AD): "The world is like a wheel, and the ocean water around him from all sides .." The matter reached its peak when the Church and the Fathers adopted the first (and led to "Ktanius") this theory strongly, saying that the earth is flat, and that the other side of an unoccupied; otherwise landed people in space! .. It will be recalled in this context that the Egyptian priest named "Gazzmas" status in the sixth century astronomical theory drew from the sacred texts (!) Which insisted that the Earth is flat rectangle, it can not be football!! .. Striking to deal with opponents such as those theories was a very ferocity; opposition was subjected to torture or pile burning alive for heresy (which means the bishop: breezing true religion )!!... It was scholars in Europe until the thirteenth century AD map the world in the form of Red Cross: his head is heaven, and feet is a fire, and his arms: the Mediterranean and the Red Sea .. And Jerusalem (Jerusalem) in the center!!!. Of the most famous European scientists who have adopted the theory of spherical Earth "Nicholas Koprenkos" (1473 - 1543 AD), who concluded that the Earth is not the center of the universe .. But he did not dare to publish his book, but on his deathbed!! Remained the book "Copernicus" from the forbidden books, and persecuted all those who support the church believe "Copernicus," such as "Bruno" who was executed by burning, and "Galileo" who was imprisoned until he was forced to deny the theory of "Copernicus" and give their opinions, and comply with the canon of thought!! ! .. Islamic civilization and save the science!! Islamic civilization came Vohit spherical earth theory and adopted .. Perhaps the most important reason is that the Koran differently to the spherical Earth .. For example, it says: "And the earth then Dhaha" .. Aldhip and the language is the ball .. There are also verses talk about the ball rotation around itself by what is happening day and night .. Almighty says: "wrapping the night on the day and the day wrapping up at the night" .. As Dr Zaghloul El-Naggar on this verse by saying: "The meaning of: wrapping the night on the day and the day wrapping up at the night .. ie: blurring of each of the other as if locked into it, a clear description denoting the spherical earth, and to spin on its axis front of the sun, and because both night and day, a period of time Taatari half of the land in a constant exchange, even if the land were not for meningococcal balled any of them, though were not the earth revolves on its axis in front of the sun as the exchange of the night and day, both time and circumstance is not a material body can be wrapping, but formed a semi-Earth is marred .. " Thus confirms this sense God Almighty says: "Lord, Lord Almcherqin Amorbin", divided in another place: ".. the Lord of the west, and Mashareq .." They are signs clearly indicate that when the sun shines on the location of the land, it means that there is a sunset in another place, that Mashareq and west, due to alternate rotation of the earth around itself. Scholars of Islam and spherical earth! With the "spherical earth" Kony scientific matter but we will see in the next lines Shara scientists look to this fact, and how their opposition to Menkreha .. Compared to what we referred to above one end of which he had been suffering followers of Christianity in Europe from the Fathers of the Church and authority of the absolute when he was one of them - whatever is given of information - is openly Bakroip land; to realize the huge difference between Mnachin: • making Islam one of encouraging the spirit of science, respectful of the mind and to consider and experimentation and proof; dwelt the great civilization which had done the link - in an unprecedented manner - between religion and science .. Until tomorrow calls for both the owner and making his mark in the hearts and minds of all .. • While assassinated authority of the Church - in the other change - the spirit of science assassination, when addicted to embrace myths, and get people forcibly converting .. This has led - eventually - to what we see by the West now complete exclusion of the Church on all issues of life!! Convey "Ibn Hazm" (Tel: 456 - 1064 AD) the consensus of leaders of the Muslims on the spherical Earth in his book (chapter in the boredom and the passions and bees), where he says they have: "They said that evidence had been correct, that the earth is spherical, and the public say otherwise .. and the answer and God the meaning of strength: that none of the imams of the Muslims eligible for the name of science ruler, God bless them did not deny the pellet land, but does not store any of them to pay for the word .. but also the evidence from the Qur'an and Sunnah has come Petkoerha .. God Almighty said: "wrapping the night on the day and wrapping day on the night ".. This is the clearest statement in the pellet to each other, taken from: (Core turban ..), a management, and the text of the pellet land ..." We must note here the extent to which reached Ibn Hazm God's mercy in opposition to the violators in the case of such an obvious .. It was only described as "public" without atoning death sentences have not .. In particular, one of the scholars of his time .. Compare this as we have referred to the confiscation of the Church of the European views of others based on the influence of religious and spiritual influence!! The Imam says, "Fakhr al-Din al-Razi" (T: 606 e - in 1209 approximately) in the "keys of the unseen" in the verse: "It's D-land ..." Razi said: "the tide is the numerator to be unaware of an end, The words:" It's D-earth "feel - to Him - make the size of the land size is not a great sight to come to an end; because the land if they were smaller than they are now supplemented by the use of it ... and the ball if they are in very old age, he was every bit of it you see Calctah .. " Muslim geographers and spherical Earth: Now we will stand in front of some clear assurances to the range of Muslim geographers avers Bakroip Earth .. The scientific fact that not only revived the accumulating dust of ignorance and intolerance .. Supported it, but more evidence and convincing proofs that God is pleased them: • "The son Krdazbp" (T: 272 e - 885 AD) in his book (tract and kingdoms): "The earth is round ball .. Cdoran Kmahp shown in the middle of the egg" (and Mahp are: egg yolk). • wrote "Son Rstp" (T: 290 e - 903 AD) in his book (precious Aloalaq): "God put the bulk of astronomy, Al-Castdarp rounded hollow rotating ball .. and the earth was round and also solid in the middle of astronomy." • wrote "Masoudi" (T: 346 e - 956 AD) in his book (the alarm and supervision): "Making God astronomy Top equator and the orbit is it natures include recycling, so the first part football ground, surrounded by sphere of the moon ...." • It was reported, "Al-Idrisi" (T: AH 560 - 1166 AD) in his book (Excursion of the longing) that reads: ".. that land Ktdoer round ball, water and adhesive, and stagnant for a recession does not leave her a natural, land and water is stable in the middle of astronomy Kmahp in the middle of the egg .. and put a medium, and the breeze surrounded by (he refers to the atmosphere) of all destinations ... " It is noteworthy that Idrissi wanted to make a model of land was in the form of Football-dimensional .. • He says, "Qazwini" (T: 682 e - 1283) in his book (wonders of creation): "Earth ball .. and the proof is that if a lunar eclipse seen from the different countries he did not see them all at one time but in times of successive rises because Moon and Groppe are in a different times in different places. and the earth and standing in the center of the whole universe, God willing .. ". Qazwini then refute the views of scholars of the Middle Ages in Europe and the clergy, who say: if the land is ball landed people on the other side of them, or had their heads upside down .. He says: "The rights in any position of standing on the surface of the Earth never discernment of the following sky, his foot never land of the following, which is seen from the sky half .. and if he moves to another position appeared to him from the sky in front of him as much as he may be hidden from him the other side .. " Strange - after all the above - that some books and Arabic references are still carrying on foreign references that Muslims did not know the theory of spherical Earth .. And that this theory was declared only thanks to the "Copernicus" (1473 - 1543 )!!!.. Enough for now and the date of death compared with those for Copernicus mortality Muslim scholars who have already mentioned; to be clear to you: from taking those ??!.. We have seen in the foregoing how Muslims already - Spurred on by a book of their Lord and the Sunnah of their Prophet - to establish a geographical fact of great importance, having promised them - or almost - Jhalac the dark ages .. And how scientific research was marked at times when the Islamic civilization full freedom and integrity of dialogue and arbitration experience. We ask God to cause Islam and Muslims. sن Videos